Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a common infection of the female reproductive organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It is usually caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, but can also result from other bacteria entering the reproductive tract.

PID often develops when bacteria from the vagina or cervix travel upward into the reproductive organs, causing inflammation and infection. Factors that increase the risk of developing PID include having multiple sexual partners, a history of STIs, or douching.

Symptoms of PID can vary in severity and may include pelvic pain or tenderness, abnormal vaginal discharge with a foul odor, painful urination, painful intercourse, irregular menstrual bleeding, and fever. However, some women with PID may not experience any symptoms at all, making diagnosis challenging.

Untreated PID can lead to serious complications, including chronic pelvic pain, infertility, ectopic pregnancy (a pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus), and an increased risk of pelvic adhesions or abscesses.

Early detection and prompt treatment of PID are essential to prevent long-term complications. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to eliminate the infection and reduce inflammation. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics may be necessary.

Prevention of PID involves practicing safe sex, using condoms consistently, limiting the number of sexual partners, and seeking prompt treatment for STIs. Avoiding douching and maintaining good genital hygiene can also help reduce the risk of developing PID.